|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
The Torah (The Law of Moses) Tor.
The Ketuvim (Writings) Historical/Poetical
Books, Ket., Ktvm.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Part II: The Renewed Covenant (New
Testament), R.C. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Alphabet |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
The Torah (The Law of Moses) Tor.
The Ketuvim (Writings) Historical/Poetical
Books, Ket., Ktvm.
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Part II: The Renewed Covenant (New
Testament), R.C. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Alphabet |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Greek
Alphabet
|
|
Glossery |
|
|
|
Admor: |
Hebrew initials for: Adonenu Morenu VeRabenu (Our master, Our teacher our Rabbi). This is a title commonly used with Chassidic Rebbes. Admor of Ger, Admor of Satmer etc. |
|
|
Akeida: |
1. Hebrew literally ‘binding’ Refers
to the binding
of Yitzchok on the altar. |
|
|
Alsheich: |
Jewish Biblical commentator
Rabbi
Moshe Al Sheich |
|
|
Am HaAretz: |
Hebrew means ‘people
of the land’
and refers to those who are ignorant
of the Torah. |
|
|
Amidah: |
Refers to the main silent
prayer said
standing |
|
|
Amora(Amoraim): |
Rabbis of the period
of the
Mishnah |
|
|
Amorah: |
Biblical city filled with wicked people Anshei Knesses |
|
|
HaGadolah: |
Hebrew
for Men
of the great assembly. |
|
|
Apikorsim: |
Heretics who reject the
teachings of
the Rabbis |
|
|
Ari Z’L: |
Hebrew initials of the words:
Adoni
Rabbenu Yitzchok Zechorono LeVaracha
our master Rabbi Yitzchok. Better known
as Yitzchok
Luria the great 16th century Kabbalist
|
|
|
Aron Kodesh: |
Hebrew for ‘the holy
ark’ place in
the synagogue where the Torah scrolls
are kept.
avodah: Hebrew word meaning ‘service’. |
|
|
Avraham Aveinu: |
Hebrew name of Abraham
|
|
|
Baal Shem Tov: |
Founder of the Chassidic
movement |
|
|
Baal Tshuva (Baalei Tshuva): |
Hebrew
for
someone who is a repentant sinner.
|
|
|
Baal(es) Tzaddakah: |
Hebrew word meaning
a
philanthropist |
|
|
Bamidbar: |
Fourth book of the Torah.
Called in
English “Numbers” |
|
|
Bava Basra: |
Tractate of the Talmud
|
|
|
Bava Kama: |
Tractate of the Talmud
|
|
|
bechina(bechinos): |
a subdivision
of an *Inyan.
Every Inyan has many bechinos. |
|
|
Beis HaKnesses: |
Jewish house of worship
|
|
|
Beis HaMedrash: |
Jewish house of study
|
|
|
Beis HaMikdash: |
Heb. The Holy Temple
|
|
|
Beis Midrash: |
Jewish house of study
|
|
|
Bereishis: |
First book of the Torah.
Called Genesis
in English |
|
|
Betza: |
Tractate of the Talmud |
|
|
Brachos: |
Tractate of the talmud |
|
|
bris: |
Hebrew for circumcision |
|
|
bucharim: |
Hebrew/Yiddish for young
men who
are learning in a Yeshiva |
|
|
caftan: |
Type of long garment worn
by Chasidim |
|
|
Chas V’Shalom: |
Hebrew for ‘G-d forbid’
|
|
|
Chasid: |
Hebrew for a ‘pious person’
|
|
|
chason: |
Hebrew/Yiddish for a man
who is engaged to be married |
|
|
Chazal: |
Hebrew initials for: Chochmenu
Zichrona
Levaracha (Our sages of Blessed memory)
Used to
refer to Rabbis of the Talmud |
|
|
Cheder: |
School for young Jewish children
|
|
|
Chesed: |
Hebrew word meaning acts
of mercy |
|
|
Cheshvon: |
Eighth month of the hebrew calendar |
|
|
Chocham (Chochomim): |
Hebrew for ‘sage’
or
scholar |
|
|
Chol HaMoed: |
Intermediate days of
a holiday |
|
|
Chometz: |
Hebrew for leavening |
|
|
choson: |
Hebrew/Yiddish for groom
|
|
|
Chovos HaLavavos: |
a moralistic and
philosophical sefer |
|
|
Chozeh: |
Hebrew for seer (prophet).
Rebbe Yakov
Yitzchok of Lublin was called the
Chozeh because
of his *Ruach HaKodesh. |
|
|
Chukos: |
Weekly portion where the Torah is read from Bamidbar (Numbers) 19:1-22:1 |
|
|
daas: |
Hebrew word meaning knowledge |
|
|
Dayanim: |
Hebrew for judge. Refers to religious judges. |
|
|
Days of Awe: |
The days around the
holidays of
Rosh HaShanah and Yom Kippur, so
called because
they are days of judgement. |
|
|
derech: |
Heb ‘way’ refers to a path
in serving
HaShem |
|
|
Devorim: |
Fifth book of the Torah.
Called in
English ‘Deuteronomy’. |
|
|
doven(davening): |
Yiddish for pray.
|
|
|
Drash: |
A method of Biblical interpretation
ascribing moral or ethical meaning to verses
in the
Torah. |
|
|
Eichah: |
The Hebrew name for the book
of
Lamantations |
|
|
Eliyahu HaNavi: |
Hebrew for the prophet
Elijah |
|
|
Elul: |
Sixth month of the Jewish year
|
|
|
Eruv: |
A legal act that causes different
residences
to be considered as one. |
|
|
Eruvin: |
Tractate of the Talmud |
|
|
Eyov: |
The Hebrew name for the book
of Job |
|
|
gabbai: |
Hebrew for an attendant |
|
|
Gan Eden: |
Hebrew name for paradise
|
|
|
gematria: |
Numerical value of the
letters of the
Hebrew words |
|
|
Gemilos Chasadim: |
Hebrew word referring
to
acts of mercy. |
|
|
Ger Toshiv: |
A ‘partial’ convert who
agrees not
to worship idols |
|
|
Gitten: |
Tractate of the Talmud |
|
|
Gao: |
Hebrew title of one who is
an especially
learned scholar in Torah |
|
|
gehennim: |
Place where one is punished
for one’s
sins after death. The Talmud says
that except for
especially wicked souls, the normal
stay is up to one year. |
|
|
gematria: |
The numerical value of
the Hebrew
letters. |
|
|
Haftorah: |
A portion of the Tenach
read after the
Torah is read on Shabbos |
|
|
Haggadah: |
Sefer that relates the
story of the
Exodus from Egypt and other things
related to the
night of Pesach. |
|
|
HaKohen: |
Hebrew for ‘the Priest’
refers to
someone who is a direct paternal
descendant from
Aaron in the Torah |
|
|
halacha: |
Hebrew word meaning ‘law’
|
|
|
HaRav: |
The Rov (see Rov). |
|
|
HaRav HaKodesh: |
The Holy Rov (see
Rov) |
|
|
HaShem |
Noun used in place of G-d.
Lit. The
Name |
|
|
house bocher: |
Young man who lived
in the
house of a Rebbe and took care of
private matters
as needed. |
|
|
Hoshanah Rabbah: |
Last day of the
intermediate
days of Succos. It is considered
to be similar to
Yom Kippur in that it is a time of
repentance. |
|
|
HY’D: |
Heb. HaShem Yimkom Domov: HaShem
should avenge their blood. |
|
|
Inyan: |
A spiritual concept or idea.
A general idea
as opposed to specifics. The specifics
would be
*bechinos. |
|
|
Ivdah: |
A story that shows or teaches
a specific
method of serving HaShem |
|
|
kallah: |
Hebrew/Yiddish for bride
|
|
|
Kavanah(Kavanos): |
Hebrew word for
‘intention’. |
|
|
Kesuvim: |
Third part of the Tenach.
Lit. Writings |
|
|
Kiddish: |
Ceremony performed on Friday
night
over a cup of wine. |
|
|
Koheles: |
One of the books of the
Tenach, called
in English Ecclesiastes. |
|
|
Kohen(Kohanim): |
Hebrew for ‘the Priest’
refers
to someone who is a direct paternal
descendant
from Aaron in the Torah |
|
|
Kol Nidrei: |
First prayer of Yom KIppur
kol v’chomer: Inference from a thing
that is
lesser/lighter to a thing which is
greater/more
stringent |
|
|
kosel marovi: |
Hebrew for Western Wall, the only remaining standing part of the Temple. |
|
|
kosher: |
Heb. fit. Refers to food
that is permitted
to eat. |
|
|
kvitel: |
A note with names given to
a Rebbe for
him to pray for these people |
|
|
L’Chaim: |
Refers to a custom of drinking
and
wishing L’Chaim - to life one to
the other |
|
|
machiton: |
Yiddish word that refers
to ones
child’s in-laws |
|
|
MaHarsha: |
Hebrew initials for : Moreinu
HaRav
Shmuel Eliezer (our teacher Rabbi
Shmuel Eliezer)
a famous Talmud commentator |
|
|
Maggid: |
In Europe this was a person
who would
give sermons on moral subjects. Many
of the first
Rebbes were Maggidim (pl. of Maggid).
|
|
|
Malachi: |
One of the books of the
Tenach. |
|
|
Man: |
Hebrew for manna. The bread
that fell from
Heaven in the desert. |
|
|
mazel tov: |
Hebrew for ‘good luck’. Used for a wish of congratulations on various occasions |
|
|
matonos l’evyonim: |
Hebrew for gifts
to the
poor. One of the mitzvos of Purim.
|
|
|
Megilla: |
1. Tractate of the Talmud |
|
|
Megillas Esther: |
Hebrew for the book
of Esther |
|
|
melamed: |
Hebrew for a teacher of
young children |
|
|
Menuchos: |
Tractate of the Talmud
|
|
|
mesiros nefesh: |
Hebrew for self sacrifice
|
|
|
mezuzah: |
parchment with various portions
of
the Torah which is hung on the side
of the door. |
|
|
midah(midos: |
A character trait,
either good or
bad. |
|
|
midah kenegid midah: |
Heb. measure
for
measure |
|
|
Midrash: |
Rabbinical work with homiletic
interpretations |
|
|
Midrash Pleah: |
A specific Midrash
which contains Midrashic teachings that are
difficult to
understand. |
|
|
mikdash: |
Hebrew of temple, lit. place
of holiness |
|
|
mikvah: |
Hebrew word referring to a
ritual bath
used for purification |
|
|
Minchah: |
Name of the afternoon prayer
|
|
|
minyan: |
Group of Jewish men (at least
ten) who
have gathered for prayer. |
|
|
mishkan: |
Hebrew for tabernacle |
|
|
Mishleh: |
One of the books of the
Tenach, called
in English Proverbs. |
|
|
Mishloach Monos: |
Hebrew for the sending
of
delicacies. One of the mitzvos of
Purim. |
|
|
Mishnah: |
An ancient Jewish work made
of specific laws. |
|
|
Mispor Katon: |
Type of gematria where
the value
of the letters is added.
For example 26= 2 + 6 = 8. |
|
|
Mitzrayim: |
Hebrew name for the land
of Egypt |
|
|
mitzvah(mitzvos): |
One of the commandments
of the Torah. |
|
|
mohel: |
Hebrew/Yiddish word for the
person who
performs a circumcision |
|
|
Mori: |
Hebrew for my teacher. |
|
|
Moshe Rabbeinu: |
Hebrew for Moses
our
teacher. A common Jewish way of referring
to
Moses. |
|
|
Moshiach: |
Heb. Messiah |
|
|
Motzeh Shabbos: |
Hebrew for Saturday
night |
|
|
musar: |
Hebrew for moral instruction.
|
|
|
nashama: |
Hebrew word for soul. |
|
|
Neviium: |
Second part of the Tenach.
Lit. Prophets |
|
|
niggunim: |
Hebrew for songs. Usually
used to
refer to tunes composed and sung
by Chasidim
and their Rebbes. |
|
|
Nissan: |
First month of the Hebrew calendar |
|
|
O’H: |
Hebrew initials for the words:
Olav HaShalom
(may he rest in peace) |
|
|
Orach Chaim: |
One of 4 sections of
the Shulchan
Aruch. This deals with the laws that
apply to each
person on a daily basis, throughout
the year. |
|
|
Or HaChaim: |
Jewish Torah commentary
|
|
|
Parah: |
Tractate of the Mishnah |
|
|
Parsha (Parshos): |
lit. ‘portion’
refers to the
portion of the Torah read each week.
|
|
|
Parshas HaChodesh: |
Special Parsha
of the
Torah read on the Shabbos before
the first of the
month of Nissan. |
|
|
Parshas Porah: |
Special Parsha of
the Torah read
the Shabbos after Purim. |
|
|
payyut: |
A type of prayer similar
to a poem said
on Jewish holidays |
|
|
Peah: |
Tractate of the Mishnah |
|
|
Pesach: |
Hebrew for Passover |
|
|
Pesachim: |
One of the Tractates of
the Talmud |
|
|
peshat: |
A method of Biblical interpretation
based
on finding the simple meaning in
the Torah. |
|
|
posek: |
A verse in the Torah or Tenach
|
|
|
Pilishtim: |
Hebrew for Philistines
|
|
|
pilpul (pilpulim): |
Method of learning
which
involves hair-splitting logic. |
|
|
Pirkei Avos: |
A Tractate of the Mishnah
|
|
|
Rambam: |
Rabbi Moshe ben Maimon also
called
Maimonides |
|
|
Ramban: |
Rabbi Nachman ben Moshe,
also called
Nachmanides |
|
|
Rashi: |
The primary commentary on
the Tenach. |
|
|
Rav: |
An official rabbi who renders legal decisions. Many of the Rebbes were both a Rebbe of Chasidim, and the Rov of the city in which they lived. |
|
|
Reb: |
A title added to a persons name as a sign of respect. |
|
|
Rebbe: |
Leader of a Chassidic group or a teacher |
|
|
Rebbe Reb: |
A title added to a few special Rebbes as a sign of their higher spiritual stature. |
|
|
remez: |
A method of Biblical interpretation based on finding hints in the Torah for various concepts. |
|
|
Rosh HaShanah: |
1. Heb. New Year Holiday at the beginning
of the year. |
|
|
Rov: |
see Rav |
|
|
Ruach HaKodesh: |
Heb spirit of holiness. Refers to one who can see events, and understand things that are not apparent to the human eye. |
|
|
Rus: |
Hebrew name the book of Ruth
|
